Understanding Autoimmune Conditions: Lupus
What is Lupus?
Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and pain in the body. This means the body’s immune system, which normally fights infections, mistakenly attacks healthy tissues and organs. Lupus can affect many parts the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs and brain.
There are different types of lupus, but the most common is systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Other types include cutaneous lupus, drug-induced lupus and neonatal lupus.
Common Symptoms of Lupus
Lupus looks different for everyone. Some people have mild symptoms, while others experience more serious effects. Common signs and symptoms include:
- Extreme tiredness (fatigue)
- Joint pain or swelling
- Skin rashes, often shaped like a butterfly across the nose and cheeks
- Fever
- Hair loss
- Sensitivity to sunlight
- Chest pain when taking deep breaths
These symptoms may come and go or even change over time. Many people have “flare-ups,” when symptoms get worse, followed by periods of improvement or remission.
Who is at Risk for Developing Lupus?
Anyone can develop lupus, but those who may be at a higher risk include:
- Women ages 15-44
- Certain racial or ethnic groups, including people who are African American, Asian American, Hispanic/Latino, Native American, or Pacific Islander
- People who have a family member with lupus or another autoimmune disease
What Causes Lupus?
Doctors don’t know exactly what causes lupus, but it is suspected to be due to a mix of genetic, hormonal and environmental factors. Things like infections, sunlight or certain medications can sometimes trigger symptoms in people who are prone to the disease.
How is Lupus Diagnosed?
Because lupus can look like many other illnesses, it can take time to diagnose. To investigate a patient’s symptoms, a doctor will look at detailed medical history and physical exam, blood tests, urine tests and imaging studies or biopsies, if needed.
If lupus is suspected, a rheumatologist, a doctor who specializes in autoimmune and joint diseases, will manage the patient’s care.
How is Lupus Treated?
There’s currently no cure for lupus, but treatments can help control symptoms and prevent organ damage.
Treatment plans are tailored to each person and may include:
- Anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and swelling
- Corticosteroids to calm the immune system during flares
- Immune-suppressing drugs for more severe cases
- Lifestyle changes like getting enough rest, eating well and protecting your skin from the sun
Living Well with Lupus
Managing lupus is a team effort. With proper care, many people with lupus lead active, fulfilling lives. Regular check-ups, taking medications as prescribed and learning to recognize flare triggers are key parts of staying healthy. Support from family, friends and even lupus support groups can make a big difference.
If you think you might have symptoms of lupus, or if you’ve been recently diagnosed, talk to your healthcare provider. Early diagnoses and treatment can help prevent complications and improve quality of life.
Fairfield Healthcare Professionals Rheumatology is dedicated to helping you manage your autoimmune condition and get back to living your life to the fullest. Talk to your healthcare provider today about a referral to FHP Rheumatology. To learn more, call 740-689-6408.
